Payment Transaction List
A payment transaction list is a structured collection of blockchain or payment transactions associated with an account, customer, invoice, merchant, or reporting…
Crypto & Blockchain Fundamentals
Core concepts behind cryptocurrency, blockchain and distributed systems.
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Terms (367)
Peer
A peer is another node or participant connected to a device or service in a peer-to-peer network. In blockchain systems, peers exchange…
Peer Ban
A peer ban is a temporary or permanent local rule that prevents a node from connecting to, accepting traffic from, or relaying…
Peer Connection
A peer connection is an active communication channel between two nodes in a peer-to-peer network. It usually includes transport establishment, identity authentication,…
Peer Discovery
Peer discovery is the process by which a node learns the identities and network addresses of other nodes it may connect to.…
Peer ID
A Peer ID is a cryptographic or protocol-defined identifier used to distinguish one node from another in a peer-to-peer network. In systems…
Peer Reputation
Peer reputation is a node’s accumulated assessment of another peer based on past interactions, useful behavior, failures, or protocol violations. It may…
Peer Scoring
Peer scoring is a rule-based process that assigns values to network peers according to their behavior, message quality, responsiveness, and resource use.…
Peer Set
A peer set is the collection of remote nodes that a local node currently knows, selects, or maintains connections with for specific…
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
Peer-to-peer, or P2P, describes a network model in which participants communicate and exchange data directly or through distributed connections rather than relying…
Peer-to-Peer Cash
Peer-to-peer cash is digital or physical value that users can transfer directly between one another without requiring the same central intermediary to…
Peer-to-Peer Currency
A peer-to-peer currency is a form of money or digital value designed to move between users through a distributed network rather than…
Peer-to-Peer Payment
A peer-to-peer payment is a transfer of value from one person or account directly to another through a payment network or application.…
Pending Nonce
A pending nonce is the next account transaction sequence value calculated using both confirmed blockchain state and transactions currently known to a…
Preconfirmation
A preconfirmation is an early commitment or signal that a transaction is expected to be included or ordered before normal block confirmation…
Priority Fee
A priority fee is the per-gas tip a sender offers to the validator or block proposer in an EIP-1559 transaction. It is…
Program Account
A program account is an account that stores or identifies executable blockchain code. On Solana, a program account is marked executable and…
Programmatic Transaction
A programmatic transaction is a blockchain transaction created, submitted, or managed by software according to predefined logic rather than being manually assembled…
Propagation Delay
Propagation delay is the time required for a transaction, block, or protocol message to travel from its origin through enough network peers…
Protocol Finality
Protocol finality is the level of settlement certainty provided by a blockchain’s consensus rules once specified conditions are met. It determines when…
Pseudonymity
Pseudonymity is the use of identifiers such as blockchain addresses instead of directly recording a person’s legal name. It can reduce immediate…
Public-Key Cryptography
Public-key cryptography is a family of cryptographic methods that uses a mathematically related public key and private key. The public key can…
Raw Blockchain Data
Raw blockchain data is protocol-level information obtained before business labeling or analytical interpretation, such as serialized blocks, transaction bytes, receipts, logs, traces,…
Raw Transaction
A raw transaction is a transaction represented in its protocol-native serialized form before or after signatures are added. It is commonly displayed…