Insights on Crypto Payments, Infrastructure, and Operations

Crypto & Blockchain Fundamentals

Core concepts behind cryptocurrency, blockchain and distributed systems.

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Terms (367)

Transaction Event

A transaction event is a structured record emitted during transaction execution to describe an application-relevant occurrence, such as a token transfer, order…

Transaction Execution

Transaction execution is the process of applying a valid transaction's instructions to a blockchain's state. It is especially important on programmable blockchains…

Transaction Explorer

A transaction explorer is a web or application interface that displays details about a blockchain transaction, such as status, sender, recipient, amount,…

Transaction Fee

A transaction fee is the amount paid to have a blockchain transaction processed, relayed, ordered, executed, or included. It compensates miners, validators,…

Transaction Finality

Transaction finality is the degree to which a blockchain transaction can be considered irreversible under a network's consensus rules. Some networks provide…

Transaction Finality Risk

Transaction finality risk is the possibility that a transaction treated as settled is later removed, replaced, reversed through protocol or governance action,…

Transaction Frequency

Transaction frequency is how often transactions occur for a network, account, customer, asset, merchant, or application during a defined period. It can…

Transaction Hash

A transaction hash is a cryptographic identifier derived from the encoded data of a blockchain transaction. It allows users and systems to…

Transaction Header

A transaction header is the portion of a transaction format that carries identifying, versioning, routing, or authorization-related metadata separate from the main…

Transaction Input

A transaction input identifies coins or another spendable resource that a transaction uses as its source. On Bitcoin, an input refers to…

Transaction Latency

Transaction latency is the elapsed time between defined stages of a transaction lifecycle, such as creation, broadcast, node acceptance, block inclusion, execution,…

Transaction Limit

A transaction limit is a rule that restricts the amount, frequency, count, asset, destination, or cumulative value of transactions within a defined…

Transaction Nonce

A transaction nonce is an account-specific sequence value used by some blockchains to order transactions and prevent a signed transaction from being…

Transaction Output

A transaction output is a new amount and spending condition created by a transaction. In Bitcoin, an output becomes a UTXO until…

Transaction Payload

A transaction payload is the data that expresses what a transaction is intended to do. It may contain transfer details, contract call…

Transaction Policy

A transaction policy is a set of rules that determines whether a transaction may be created, approved, signed, broadcast, accepted, or settled…

Transaction Pool

A transaction pool is a node’s temporary collection of valid but not yet confirmed transactions waiting for possible block inclusion. It is…

Transaction Posting

Transaction posting is the act of recording, submitting, or making a transaction available to the relevant ledger or processing system. In blockchain…

Transaction Priority

Transaction priority is the relative preference a network, node, sequencer, builder, or application gives one transaction over others for processing or block…

Transaction Receipt

A transaction receipt is a network-generated record of what happened when a transaction executed. On Ethereum it contains information such as execution…

Transaction Recipient

A transaction recipient is the account, script, contract, or program identified as the direct destination of a transaction or transfer. It may…

Transaction Result

A transaction result is the protocol-reported outcome of transaction processing, including whether execution succeeded, failed, reverted, or produced specific return data, logs,…

Transaction Sender

A transaction sender is the protocol-level account, key authority, or execution actor considered to have initiated a transaction. In simple account-based transfers…

Transaction Sequence

A transaction sequence is an ordering or control value associated with a transaction or input. Its meaning varies by protocol. It may…