Cross-Layer Communication
Cross-layer communication passes authenticated messages, assets, or state between layers of one blockchain stack, such as a rollup and settlement layer. The…
Blockchain Networks & Protocols
Networks, consensus systems, protocols and blockchain infrastructure.
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Terms (543)
Cross-Network Transfer
A cross-network transfer sends an asset between distinct network environments, potentially using a bridge, issuer, exchange, or protocol-specific migration mechanism. Sending directly…
CW20
CW20 is a CosmWasm contract interface standard for fungible tokens, defining common balance, transfer, allowance, minting, and query behavior. CW20 tokens are…
CW721
CW721 is a CosmWasm contract interface standard for non-fungible tokens, defining ownership, transfer, approval, metadata, and query behavior. Each NFT collection is…
Data Availability
Data availability is the property that the data needed to verify, reconstruct, or continue a blockchain state transition can be obtained by…
Data Availability Committee (DAC)
A Data Availability Committee is a designated group that stores off-chain transaction data and attests that users can retrieve it when needed.…
Data Availability Layer
A data availability layer is blockchain infrastructure specialized in publishing and making transaction or state-transition data retrievable for other execution systems, especially…
Data Availability Sampling (DAS)
Data Availability Sampling lets nodes test random pieces of erasure-coded data to gain high confidence that the complete dataset is retrievable. Erasure…
Decentralized Execution Network
A decentralized execution network uses multiple independent nodes to run, verify, and agree on off-chain computations or workflows for blockchain applications. Use…
Decentralized Identity (DID)
Decentralized identity uses user-controlled identifiers and verifiable credentials to establish digital relationships without depending on one central identity provider. DIDs often work…
Decentralized Infrastructure Network
A decentralized infrastructure network coordinates independently operated computing, storage, connectivity, sensing, or other resources through open protocols and economic incentives. Blockchains often…
Decentralized Network
A decentralized network distributes control, validation, and operation across multiple independent participants instead of relying on one governing server or organization. Decentralization…
Decentralized Oracle
A decentralized oracle combines observations from multiple independent sources or operators to deliver externally derived data to blockchain applications. Distribution reduces dependence…
Decentralized Oracle Network (DON)
A Decentralized Oracle Network is a defined group of independent oracle nodes that reaches agreement on data, computation, or cross-chain results. DONs…
Default Account State
Default account state is the initial or baseline condition assigned to a blockchain account, smart-contract account, token account, or application account before…
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
Delegated Proof of Stake lets token holders elect a limited validator or producer set that creates blocks and secures network consensus. A…
Deterministic Finality
Deterministic finality is a protocol property in which a block becomes final after a defined consensus decision, such as a supermajority commit…
DigiByte Network
The DigiByte Network is a public proof-of-work UTXO blockchain whose native asset is DGB. It operates independently with its own nodes, miners,…
Digital Currency Network
A digital currency network records, transfers, and settles electronically represented value through centralized infrastructure, distributed ledgers, or blockchain consensus. Networks differ in…
Directed Acyclic Graph Consensus
Directed acyclic graph consensus uses a DAG of transactions or events plus protocol rules to order conflicts and reach distributed agreement. Different…
Distributed Consensus
Distributed consensus enables separate network participants to agree on one valid value or ledger history despite delays, failures, and potentially malicious actors.…
Distributed Consensus Network
A distributed consensus network is a group of connected nodes that exchanges protocol messages to validate, order, and finalize shared state. The…
Dogecoin Network
Dogecoin is a public Scrypt-based proof-of-work UTXO network for DOGE transfers, secured partly through merged mining with compatible miners. DOGE is the…
Dropped Transaction
A dropped transaction is a previously submitted or observed blockchain transaction that is no longer retained in a node’s active mempool and…