Execution Sharding
Execution sharding divides blockchain transaction processing and state across shards so different node groups can execute workloads in parallel. The design creates…
Blockchain Networks & Protocols
Networks, consensus systems, protocols and blockchain infrastructure.
543Terms
0Reviewed
Terms (543)
Fault Proof
A fault proof demonstrates that a claimed rollup state transition is invalid, allowing the settlement system to reject or correct the disputed…
Federated Consensus
Federated consensus reaches agreement among recognized or locally trusted participants rather than allowing every anonymous node equal influence over ledger decisions. The…
Finality
Finality is the degree of assurance that a blockchain transaction or block will remain in canonical history and not be reversed. Finality…
Finality Delay
Finality delay is a period in which a blockchain continues producing or observing blocks but does not reach its normal finality condition…
Finality Detection
Finality detection is the process by which software determines that a block or transaction has reached the finality condition defined by its…
Finality Policy
A finality policy is an application's documented rule for deciding when a blockchain transaction is settled enough to trigger credit, fulfillment, withdrawal,…
Fork
A fork is a divergence in blockchain history or protocol rules that creates competing branches, versions, or networks from a shared state.…
Fork Activation
Fork activation is the defined height, time, epoch, or signaling condition when participating nodes begin applying changed blockchain consensus rules. Nodes that…
Fork Choice Rule
A fork choice rule states the consensus criteria a node uses to determine which valid blockchain branch should be treated as canonical.…
Fork Choice Update
A fork choice update notifies an execution or consensus component of the newly preferred head and related safe or finalized block references.…
Fork ID
A fork ID summarizes a blockchain's genesis and activated fork schedule so peers can detect incompatible network histories during connection. Peers use…
Fork Resolution
Fork resolution is the process by which consensus selects one branch, reconciles node state, and abandons or separates competing blockchain histories. For…
Forked Chain
A forked chain is a blockchain branch or network derived from shared earlier history but continuing with different blocks, rules, or governance.…
Full Node
A full node independently validates blockchain transactions and blocks against consensus rules while maintaining enough state and history to follow the network.…
Full Node Verification
Full node verification independently checks every received transaction, block, proof, and state transition required by a blockchain's consensus rules. Verification scope depends…
Full Sharding
Full sharding partitions blockchain data, networking, and potentially execution across coordinated shards to increase total capacity without universal processing. The approach reduces…
Gains Network (GNS)
Gains Network is a decentralized leveraged-trading protocol for synthetic markets, with GNS supporting governance, liquidity management, and ecosystem incentives. The system depends…
Gas
Gas is the accounting unit used by execution networks to measure computational work, storage access, and other resources consumed by transactions. Gas…
Gas Abstraction
Gas abstraction hides native fee-token management by letting applications sponsor fees, accept other assets, or automate transaction-fee payment for users. The underlying…
Gas Estimation
Gas estimation predicts the execution units and fee parameters a blockchain transaction needs to succeed under current network and contract state. Contract…
Gas Fee
A gas fee is the amount charged for blockchain execution, calculated from consumed gas units, fee pricing, and any network-specific cost components.…
Gas Forecast
A gas forecast predicts future transaction-fee conditions using recent blocks, pending demand, scheduled events, and network-specific fee-market behavior. Forecasts are uncertain because…
Gas Griefing
Gas griefing is an attack that forces another participant or contract to waste execution resources, fail unpredictably, or pay excessive transaction costs.…