Public Mempool
A public mempool is a node's pool of accepted unconfirmed transactions that are broadly announced through the peer-to-peer network. There is no…
Blockchain Networks & Protocols
Networks, consensus systems, protocols and blockchain infrastructure.
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Terms (543)
Pull-Based Oracle
A pull-based oracle lets a user or application submit a recent authenticated data report on-chain when a transaction needs it. Pull delivery…
Push-Based Oracle
A push-based oracle proactively publishes updated feed state on-chain when deviation, heartbeat, schedule, or other configured conditions are met. Update conditions balance…
Pyth Network (PYTH)
Pyth Network is an oracle system that aggregates financial-market data from publishers and delivers price updates to applications across blockchains. Its core…
Raft Consensus
Raft is a crash-fault-tolerant consensus algorithm where an elected leader replicates an ordered log to a majority of servers. If the leader…
Rainbow Bridge
Rainbow Bridge is a NEAR-Ethereum bridge design that uses on-chain light-client verification and relayers to transfer messages and supported assets. The architecture…
Random Beacon
A random beacon periodically produces publicly verifiable shared randomness for committee selection, leader election, sampling, or other distributed decisions. Public verification lets…
Random Oracle Model
The Random Oracle Model analyzes cryptographic schemes by treating a public hash oracle as returning independent random outputs for new inputs. Real…
Randomized Proof of Stake
Randomized Proof of Stake uses protocol-generated randomness to select stake-weighted proposers, committees, or voting duties for consensus rounds. The randomness source must…
Randomness Oracle
A randomness oracle supplies smart contracts with random values using a verifiable proof, threshold process, commit-reveal scheme, or trusted service. Security properties…
Remote Node
A remote node is a blockchain node reached through a network API instead of operated inside the application's own trust boundary. Remote…
Replace-by-Fee (RBF)
Replace-by-Fee is a Bitcoin transaction replacement mechanism in which an unconfirmed transaction can be superseded by a conflicting transaction that pays a…
Rollup
A rollup executes transactions outside a settlement chain while publishing data or commitments that let the settlement system verify resulting state. Optimistic…
Rollup Bridge
A rollup bridge transfers assets or messages between a rollup and another chain through deposits, withdrawals, and verification contracts. Withdrawals reverse that…
Rollup Compression
Rollup compression reduces the bytes required to publish transaction or state-change data, lowering data-availability costs without changing intended execution results. Methods include…
Rollup Contract
A rollup contract is an on-chain program that records rollup commitments and enforces deposits, proofs, challenges, withdrawals, or protocol upgrades. The contract…
Rollup ID
A rollup ID is a protocol-defined identifier that distinguishes one rollup instance when routing transactions, messages, state, or configuration. The identifier may…
Rollup Sequencer
A rollup sequencer receives user transactions, chooses their order, builds rollup blocks, and submits batches or commitments for settlement. A centralized sequencer…
Rollup Stack
A rollup stack is a coordinated set of software components and specifications for launching, operating, proving, and bridging rollup chains. Stacks promote…
Rollup State Root
A rollup state root is a cryptographic commitment summarizing the rollup's account, contract, and storage state after a defined batch. The rollup…
Rollup Transaction
A rollup transaction is a user or system operation executed under a rollup's rules before its result is batched for settlement. The…
Ronin Bridge
Ronin Bridge is infrastructure for moving supported tokens and NFTs between Ronin and connected networks through designated bridge routes and contracts. The…
Rough Consensus
Rough consensus is a decision practice that advances when dominant agreement exists and substantive objections have been considered without requiring unanimity. Participants…
RPC Node
An RPC node is a blockchain node configured to answer application requests through an RPC interface. It may be self-hosted or operated…