Glossary Terms Starting with S

Seed Backup

A seed backup is a protected copy or representation of wallet seed material used to recreate deterministic keys, accounts, and addresses. Secure…

Seed Node

A seed node is a known network endpoint that helps a new peer discover other participants and begin joining a peer-to-peer network.…

Seed Phrase

A seed phrase is an ordered sequence of words used by compatible wallet software to derive the secret seed behind deterministic wallet…

Seed Phrase Exposure

Seed phrase exposure occurs when words that can derive or restore a cryptocurrency wallet become accessible to an unauthorized person or untrusted…

Seed Recovery

Seed recovery is the process of recreating deterministic wallet keys and accounts from valid seed material and the correct wallet configuration. The…

Seed Vault

Seed Vault is a highly protected repository or custody process dedicated to storing wallet seed material and recovery information. It focuses on…

Seedless Wallet

A seedless wallet is a wallet that does not require the user to create, record, or directly manage a conventional recovery seed…

Segregated Custody

Segregated custody holds a client's assets separately from the custodian's own property and, depending on the arrangement, from other clients' assets. A…

Segregated Wallet

A segregated wallet is a wallet dedicated to one owner, client, entity, portfolio, or purpose rather than pooling unrelated balances. Reliable operation…

Segregated Witness (SegWit)

Segregated Witness is a Bitcoin upgrade that separates signature witness data from transaction identifiers and introduces a weight-based block limit. Removing witness…

SegWit Address

A SegWit address encodes a Bitcoin witness program, directing funds to spending conditions evaluated under Segregated Witness rules. Version 0 commonly represents…

Seigniorage-Style Stablecoin

A seigniorage-style stablecoin attempts to maintain its target price through rules that expand supply when the token trades above the target and…

Self-Custody

Self-custody is an arrangement in which the asset owner retains the signing authority needed to control and transfer their digital assets. Reliable…

Self-Custody Payment

A self-custody payment is a cryptocurrency payment in which the relevant payer or recipient controls the private keys used to authorize or…

Self-Hosted Wallet

A self-hosted wallet is wallet software or infrastructure deployed and operated on systems controlled by the user or organization. For Self-Hosted Wallet,…

Selfdestruct Vulnerability

Selfdestruct Vulnerability is a smart contract weakness created by unsafe assumptions about the EVM SELFDESTRUCT operation, including assumptions about code deletion, forced…

Seller Fraud

Seller fraud is deceptive or unauthorized behavior by a seller intended to obtain money, data, goods, or marketplace advantage unfairly. A fraud…

Seller Risk

Seller risk is the possibility that a seller’s identity, conduct, products, fulfillment, finances, or compliance causes loss or customer harm. A score…

Semi-Closed Wallet

A semi-closed wallet stores value usable across a defined network of participating merchants or services but not universally outside that network. Reliable…

Semi-Fungible Token

A semi-fungible token is an asset that is interchangeable with equivalent units during part of its lifecycle but becomes unique or non-interchangeable…

Sender Address

A sender address is the blockchain address identified as the originator or authorizing account of a transaction. In account-based networks it is…

Sending Address

Sending Address is an address or account identified as the source of a blockchain transfer. In account-based networks it may directly identify…

Sensitive Authentication Data (SAD)

Sensitive Authentication Data (SAD) is cardholder authentication data whose compromise could enable payment fraud, including full track data, card verification codes or…

Sentry Node

A sentry node is a public-facing peer that shields a validator or protected node by relaying traffic and reducing direct network exposure.…