Financial Sanctions
Financial Sanctions are sanctions that restrict access to funds, financial services, capital, credit, securities, payment systems, or property involving specified persons, jurisdictions,…
Glossary terms starting with F
Numbers and symbols are grouped under #. Letter matching ignores case and uses the first displayed title character.
First-Party Fraud
First-party fraud occurs when a genuine customer intentionally misrepresents identity, circumstances, ownership, or intent to obtain improper financial benefit. First-Party Fraud must…
Fixed Fee
A fixed fee is a charge that remains a constant monetary or token amount for each transaction, invoice, withdrawal, service, or billing…
Fixed Payment Address
A fixed payment address is a blockchain address reused for multiple payments under a stable account, customer, merchant, or service relationship. It…
Fixed-Amount Crypto Payment Link
A Fixed-Amount Crypto Payment Link is a shareable payment page configured for a predefined amount and currency or asset. The payer can…
Flash-Loan Attack
A flash-loan attack uses uncollateralized, transaction-scoped borrowing to manipulate vulnerable decentralized-finance logic and extract value before atomic repayment. For Flash-Loan Attack, an…
Flat-Rate Billing
Flat-Rate Billing is a pricing and billing model that charges one fixed amount for a defined product, service, or billing period. In…
Foreign Exchange Settlement
Foreign exchange settlement completes the delivery of the two currencies owed under an FX trade or conversion. The process must coordinate both…
Fork
A fork is a divergence in blockchain history or protocol rules that creates competing branches, versions, or networks from a shared state.…
Fork Activation
Fork activation is the defined height, time, epoch, or signaling condition when participating nodes begin applying changed blockchain consensus rules. Nodes that…
Fork Choice Rule
A fork choice rule states the consensus criteria a node uses to determine which valid blockchain branch should be treated as canonical.…
Fork Choice Update
A fork choice update notifies an execution or consensus component of the newly preferred head and related safe or finalized block references.…
Fork ID
A fork ID summarizes a blockchain's genesis and activated fork schedule so peers can detect incompatible network histories during connection. Peers use…
Fork Resolution
Fork resolution is the process by which consensus selects one branch, reconciles node state, and abandons or separates competing blockchain histories. For…
Forked Chain
A forked chain is a blockchain branch or network derived from shared earlier history but continuing with different blocks, rules, or governance.…
Foundation Treasury
A foundation treasury is the pool of assets governed by a foundation to fund its mission, operations, grants, ecosystem, or long-term obligations.…
Four-Source Reconciliation
Four-source reconciliation compares four independently generated records of the same payment lifecycle, commonly the order or invoice, payment platform, external provider or…
Four-Way Reconciliation
Four-way reconciliation compares four related sources for the same financial activity, such as orders or invoices, payment-provider transactions, settlement or bank records,…
Fourth-Party Risk
Fourth-party risk is exposure created by the subcontractors, infrastructure providers, or other dependencies used by an organization's direct third parties. A score…
Fractional NFT
Fractional NFT is an economic arrangement in which multiple participants hold fungible shares, contractual interests, or governance units linked to one NFT…
Fractional Ownership Token
A fractional ownership token represents a portion of ownership, economic interest, revenue, or governance rights in an asset that would otherwise be…
Fractional-Algorithmic Stablecoin
A fractional-algorithmic stablecoin is a stablecoin supported partly by collateral and partly by algorithmic or incentive-based mechanisms. The collateral ratio can be…
Fractional-Reserve Stablecoin
A fractional-reserve stablecoin is a stablecoin whose readily available reserves are less than the total nominal value of outstanding tokens, with the…
Fraud
Fraud is intentional deception, concealment, or abuse of trust used to obtain money, assets, access, services, or another improper benefit. Fraud must…